New element!

It's not a joke guys! A new element has been confirmed! Check it out: http://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/new-element-confirmed

Element quizes

Goodmorning everyone! I found two really interesting Chemistry quizes and I hope you'll like them! So the first quiz is easier than the second one. In the first quiz you'll be given the element and you'll have to name the element and in the second one you'll be given the name and you'll have to write the Chemichal symbol.
Have fun!

First quiz
Second quiz

Titanium

Helo everyone! Today's post is about Titanium. Bellow you will find a short essay I did for my Chemistry subject the previous semester which includes information about this element. I skipped the bibliography part...hope you'll find it interesting!
XOXO

Introduction

Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti, atomic number 22 and relative atomic mass 47.867. It belongs to the fourth group of the periodic table, to the 4th period, and to the first main series of transition metals. Its melting temperature is 1668 ° C and its boiling temperature is 3287 ° C. The relatively high melting point makes titaniuma refractory metal. It is not magnetic and it also has low electrical and thermal conductivity. Sometimes it is called "metal ofthe space age", it has low density and it is hard, shiny, corrosion-resistant (including seawater and chlorine) and has a silver color (white metal). The metal element of titanium is characterized for its high strength to weight pressure.

History

Titanium was discovered in 1791 in a mineral in Cornwall, England by the amateur geologist and pastor William Gregor (William Gregor, 1761 - 1817) who was then vicar of Creed parish village. Gregor, who was very skilled in the chemical analysis of various substances and had already successfully analyzed substances such as bismuth carbonate and topaz, found black sand, in a stream in the nearby parish of plain Manakou (Manaccan), that looked like gunpowder, consisted of granules of various sizes and shapes and was attracted by the magnet. The analysis of the sand showed, as published in the same year in a German scientific journal Crell'sAnnalen, that the sand was mainly composed of two oxides: Magnetite and Reddish Brown Gravel. 

The magnetite, which is actually epitetartoxide iron, Fe₃O₄, explained the magnetic properties of the sand while the unidentified oxide, the reddish brown gravel (reddish brown calx), dissolved in sulfuric acid to give a yellow solution and became purple when reduced by zinc, iron or tin while when fused with coal dust, violet beads were formed. Gregor realized that the unspecified material contained an unknown metal and published his findings at the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall. He thought to name the new metal menachanitis (the name of the parish in which he discovered), but he knew that the publication was not a full scientific paper but rather a recording of unconnected events. His increased duties in the parish prevented him from further investigations on the magnetic black sand. Surprisingly, neither the announcement attracted the attention of scientists of the time and it soon forgotten. He died in June 1817.

In 1795 the German chemist and pharmacist Martin Klaproth (Martin Heinrich Klaproth, 1743 - 1817), who had discovered uranium in 1789, isolated a new oxide (the TiO2) from rutile which he took from the region Boinik Hungary and found that it contained a new element which he named titanium from the Titans of Greek mythology. When he heard about Gregor’s discovery, he supplied menachanitis sample and confirmed that it contained titanium. Klaproth justified the name of the metal saying that whenever there has not been proposed a name for a new element to indicate its qualities and characteristics, it is better to choose a name that does not imply anything itself and therefore does not create false representations.

Extraction and Content

Titanium is the ninth most abundant element and constitutes about 0,6% w / w of the earth's crust. Titanium is not found with its metal form (free) in nature, but it is always connected to other elements, and therefore it is necessary to be extracted from minerals that are dispersed throughout the Earth but rarely generate deposits of high concentrations. The main minerals of which titanium is exported are rutile (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3) that are very dispersed across the Earth. It is also extracted from the leucoxene.

Titanium is present in most igneous rocks and sediments derived therefrom. Of the 801 types of igneous rocks analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey, 784 contained Titanium. It is also found in living beings and natural waters while in seawater, the concentration is about 0.6 to 1 mg / L. In farmland the concentration ranges from 0.3 to 6%, while there are increased concentrations in soils with added fertilizer. In the atmosphere the concentration of titanium is too small. Furthermore, titanium has been found in the sun, in the M-type stars and in the meteorites that fell to earth. The rock samples brought by the Apollo 17 mission to the moon contained about 12% titanium while analyzes of rocks from earlier Apollo missions show lower rates.

Properties and Uses

The clean metal is lightweight and has excellent strength and corrosion resistance. It also has similar chemical behavior with silicon and zirconium. At high temperatures it is burned in the air and in the purified nitrogen. Additional, it is ductile and malleable when heated. It is insoluble in water but soluble in concentrated acids and it does not affected by the bases. In its compounds, Titanium displays with the oxidation numbers +4, +3, +2 in descending order of frequency.

Titanium is not a toxic metal. The widespread use of the element in medical applications combined with many studies show that it is inert and biocompatible for both humans and animals. However, it is observed that certain compounds and the metal itself, under certain conditions, can cause problems in the human body.

Titanium combines light weight and corrosion resistance and therefore it is used in many everyday products such as drills, bicycles, golf clubs, watches, laptops, jewelry and mobile phones. It forms resistant light alloys with many other metals such as iron, aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum, etc. These alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry to build engines, missiles and space vehicles. They are also used in military and industrial applications in the petrochemical industry, in desalination and pulp plants, in automotive, in agriculture, in medicine for the manufacture of orthopedic materials in dentistry for making implants and in many other occasions.

Conclusion

Titanium is a very durable metal that was first discovered in the late 18th century. It appears in nature always connected to other elements and it can also be found in living beings such as human. Thanks to its biocompatibility, most of the times, it is widely used in many everyday products offering us many comforts and wares in our daily lives and contributing in important sectors such as medical and aerospace industries.

After this essay, I finally understood the lyrics of this song! 

Making crystals

Hello! So this blog is my individual work for the semester and I will be running it until the end of April. Anyway, I found this interesting video and thought to share it with you. In the video a man describes how to make crystals in a very easy way! Enjoy! :)